![]() Nahoft even has a setting that destroys all its stored user data by simply entering a code. Users can then send these scrambled communications using ordinary messaging apps that are vulnerable to state monitoring. Nahoft works completely offline and allows users to encrypt messages into a random string of Farsi words or include hidden messages in photographs. Android app Nahoft – meaning “hidden” in Farsi – has become increasingly popular in Iran among citizens who have mobilized themselves away from government surveillance that limits freedom of speech and cracks down on political opposition. The primary Telegram channel that was dedicated to reliable coronavirus news in Ukraine is run by a private company but works closely with the government and is verified by Telegram.” Trauthig cites the example of Ukraine to illustrate how a nonpolitical communication channel can shift "to become an important tool of citizen communication during wartime.”Īpps that are unable to send or receive messages but can be used to encrypt communications have also found a market in authoritarian countries. Trauthig explains how these messaging services were repurposed in her Lawfare blog: “Following the Russian escalation, these established lines of communication were repurposed. Their high usage can be explained largely by how the Ukrainian Ministry of Health relied on these apps to relay critical health communications during the COVID-19 pandemic. Viber and Telegram have been particularly useful: these two EMAs have the highest penetration rates at 98% and 86% respectively. According to Inga Kristina Trauthig, a senior research fellow with the Propaganda Research Lab at the Center for Media Engagement at the University of Texas, EMAs have proved vital in the conflict in Ukraine. ![]()
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